Estudio in english

estudiar = analyse [analyze, -USA] ; envisage ; examine ; explore ; look ; look at ; look into ; ponder (over/on/upon) ; present + a discussion ; study ; survey ; think out ; weigh ; work on ; get into ; see about ; observe ; weigh up ; look toward(s) ; review ; work through ; probe ; quarry for ; bone up on ; swot up ; swot ; hit + the books ; pound + the books. 

Example: With a clear objective, the next step is to analyse the concepts that are present in a search.Example: It is fairly common to have to modify a standard list, or compile a fresh list when a new application is envisaged.Example: The article 'Home schoolers: a forgotten clientele?' examines ways in which the library can support parents and children in the home schooling situation.Example: Next I will illustrate a simple search profile which does not explore all possible synonyms, but does serve to illustrate weighted term logic.Example: This chapter takes the opportunity to look at an assortment of other aspects of bibliographic description.Example: This article looks at three interrelated issues regarding on-line services based on the recent literature.Example: The main concern is to look into current use of, and interest in, electronic information services, and also to gauge opinion on setting up a data base concerned solely with development issues.Example: If we instruct it to ponder this question more leisurely, it will quickly try the user's patience with digressions concerning the less illustrious senior MOZART, LEOPOLD.Example: This article presents a detailed discussion of the use of Hypermedia for authoring, organisation and presentation of information.Example: Each of the binders is portable and can be separately studied.Example: Chapters 7 and 8 introduced the problems associated with author cataloguing and have surveyed the purpose of cataloguing codes.Example: A recitation of the best thought out principles for a cataloging code is easily drowned out by the clatter of a bank of direct access devices vainly searching for misplaced records.Example: Examines the advantages and disadvantages of approval plans suggesting that each library must carefully weigh them in order to determine its own best course of action.Example: I've been working on next year's budget, and it would be fair to add eight percent to materials and salaries.Example: 'But didn't you say that one of the reasons you wanted to leave was because you were tired of macramËéË and wanted to get into computers?'.Example: The head of reference told me that he's going to see about a dress code for the staff, prohibiting slacks for women.Example: 141 data bases were observed, most of them had been developed in the life sciences as well as in the earth, ocean and space sciences.Example: The author weighs up whether a dumbing down has taken place in the UK tabloid and broadsheet press.Example: Libraries are looking towards some sort of cooperative system.Example: There is only space to review briefly the special problems associated with the descriptive cataloguing of nonbook materials.Example: Some theorists hold that one stage must be completely worked through before the next stage can be entered.Example: The librarian sometimes must probe to discover the context of the question and to be able to discuss various possible approaches and explore their merits.Example: The surviging chronicles, annals, and histories have been extensively quarried for the information they reveal about the events of their time.Example: Gain a strategic advantage in pharmaceutical litigation by boning up on epidemiology.Example: I did the theory so long ago I will need to swot up again before I do the exam.Example: Around the country schoolchildren and university students are swotting and sweating as they prepare to sit papers that could decide their future.Example: Plymouth's swimming superstar Ruta Meilutyte is hitting the books as well as the pool in a bid to safeguard her future.Example: Every student knows that studying is important, and that its hard to pass your test without pounding the books.

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» al estudiar Algo más detenidamente = on closer examination ; on closer inspection .

Example: The 1st impression of cosiness is dispelled on closer examination, which reveals gross overcrowding in staff working areas.

Example: However, this area is visible on closer inspection, ensuring that the repair is detectable.

» estudiar a fondo = delve into ; dig into .

Example: The objective is to enable the reader to eliminate possibly relevant documents, which, in fact, prove to be of little interest without delving into the body of the abstract.

Example: A 10-year-old boy by the name of Thailan died last week and investigators are now digging into the death of the boy.

» estudiar Algo = be under consideration .

Example: The physical facilities have been upgraded, the whole collection is being catalogued, and use of the Library of Congress Classification is under consideration = Se han mejorado las intalaciones, se está catalogando toda la colección y se está estudiando el uso de la Clasificación de la Biblioteca del Congreso.

» estudiar desde una perspectiva = see through .

Example: This is an examination of attitudes towards the reference interview by librarians over the past 100 years as seen through the literature.

» estudiar detenidamente = take + a hard look at ; take + a long hard look at ; go through ; be carefully considered ; think + Nombre + through .

Example: Data base producers should take a hard look at the compact disc (DC) market before introducing information products based on optical storage technology.

Example: It is little wonder that all players in the serials information chain -- publishers, subscriptions agents and librarians alike -- are taking a long hard look at what they are doing and attempting to forecast what the future might hold for them.

Example: I believe Mr. Freedman hired about 11 student assistants to go through this intentionally dirty file and clean it up.

Example: Of course, this very broad analysis contains a number of problems which must be carefully considered.

Example: The survey did not provide much evidence that ethical issues relating to the Internet are being thought through in any depth.

» estudiar el modo de = explore + ways to/in which ; explore + ways and means of .

Example: Ways are explored in which public library children's librarians can help sighted children increase their understanding of persons with visual impairment.

Example: The author challenges librarians to explore ways and means of extending library facilities to the disadvantaged -- physically handicapped, blind, and deaf and dumb.

» estudiar en detalle = study + at length .

Example: The whole question of the language used in folk stories and the qualities to look for is studied at length by Elizabeth Cook.

» estudiar en el extranjero = study abroad ; study + abroad .

Example: 143 first professors in American medical schools before the Civil War were selected, and records of their academic origins, places of birth, and study abroad were collected from various biographical sources.

Example: When everyone looks back on it they always seem to say that studying abroad is the experience of a lifetime.

» estudiar en una Universidad = attend + Universidad .

Example: He was awarded the bachelor's degree, magna cum laude, from Harvard University, and he attended Rutgers Library School where he graduated first in his class.

» estudiar hasta muy tarde = burn + the midnight oil .

Example: It was by burning the midnight oil that Churchill achieved such a phenomenal output, doing his best work in the quiet hours of the night.

» estudiar la evolución histórica de Algo = historicise [historicize, -USA] .

Example: This volume aims to historicize and theorize the writing of early modern women.

» estudiar la manera de = explore + ways to/in which ; explore + ways and means of .

Example: Ways are explored in which public library children's librarians can help sighted children increase their understanding of persons with visual impairment.

Example: The author challenges librarians to explore ways and means of extending library facilities to the disadvantaged -- physically handicapped, blind, and deaf and dumb.

» estudiar la posibilidad = explore + the possibility .

Example: We are also exploring the possibility, with our sister organization in the US, of producing a joint issue possibly on the theme of how the so-called 'war on terror' is affecting library and information services.

» estudiar minuciosamente = study + in great depth ; pore .

Example: We need to study in great depth what it is other new and successful information institutions are doing.

Example: It uses computer power to pore through document text, to find and extract segments of relevant text information.

» estudiar + Nombre + teniendo en cuenta + Nombre = place + Nombre + against the background of + Nombre .

Example: What is needed is a sound historical study that will place the ADI/ASIS development against the background of the documentation movement in Europe and America.

» estudiar una alternativa = explore + an alternative .

Example: Its aim is to explore alternatives to storing and photcopying the paper issues.

» estudiar una carrera = earn + a degree .

Example: Paying for college can be one of the toughest parts of earning your degree -- but it doesn't have to be.

» estudiar una necesidad = analyse + a need .

Example: Several studies are currently in progress to analyze the needs of libraries to determine the best kinds of microform and the most useful cumulation patterns.

» estudiar una posibilidad = explore + an idea .

Example: Cosmologists have begun exploring the idea that the evolution of the universe is cyclic = Los cosmólogos han comenzado a analizar la posibilidad de que la evolución del universo es cíclica.

» estudiar una Titulación = work toward/on + Titulación .

Example: Mr. Malinconico has a bachelor's and a master's degree in physics, and is working toward a doctorate from Columbia University in that subject.

» estudiar un tema = pursue + a subject .

Example: Bowers has always placed great stress of his opinion that analytical bibliography is a subject which can be pursued as an entirely independent area of study for its own sake.

» merecer la pena estudiar Algo = repay + study .

Example: Each of these is sufficiently significant that they repay study in their own right.

estudio¹ = studio ; den. 

Example: The author describes the design of the new studios which aim to be as flexible as possible.Example: How to build wall-to-wall bookcases to make your study, den or computer room much nicer to be in and more adaptable for space.

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» estudio cinematográfico = film location ; film studio ; movie studio .

Example: Alternative uses for farmland include conversion to golf courses, dry ski slopes, hotels, film locations, animal sanctuaries, and campsites.

Example: Currently, film studios, amusement parks, theme parks and water parks are all being studied by investors and developers.

Example: Despite strict morality contracts, many movie studios in the 1930s through the 60s fed their young actors and actresses drugs to keep them peppy.

» estudio de arquitectura = architectural firm .

Example: This is an interview with Hugh Hard of Hardy Holmzan Pfeiffer Associates, an architectural firm specializing in library design and renovation.

» estudio de cine = film location ; film studio ; movie studio .

Example: Alternative uses for farmland include conversion to golf courses, dry ski slopes, hotels, film locations, animal sanctuaries, and campsites.

Example: Currently, film studios, amusement parks, theme parks and water parks are all being studied by investors and developers.

Example: Despite strict morality contracts, many movie studios in the 1930s through the 60s fed their young actors and actresses drugs to keep them peppy.

» estudio de diseño = design studio .

Example: Our design studio is dedicated to giving form to ideas that matter.

» estudio de fotografía = photographic studio ; photo studio .

Example: Established 1864 in Derby, W.W.Winters is one of the longest serving photographic studios in the country.

Example: In this post, I will share how I built a photo studio for myself over three months using my savings.

» estudio de grabación = recording studio ; sound recording studio .

Example: Facilities include 2 rooms for music-making, a recording studio, an audio centre and organisation of public concerts.

Example: There is a drop-in centre with a fully equipped sound recording studio and video editing suite offering guitar tuition and rehearsal space to local teenagers without charge.

» estudio de mercado = market survey ; market research ; marketing audit [Análisis períodico y sistemático de los recursos, actividades, estrategias, objetivos y entorno de una biblioteca para identificar problemas y oportunidades y recomendar un plan de actuación] ; consumer research ; marketing research .

Example: The planning stage included a market survey of library furniture manufacturers.

Example: New market research in developing countries requires deep knowledge of the society.

Example: Kotler defines the marketing audit as a 'comprehensive, systematic, independent, and periodic examination of the library's total environment, objectives, strategies, activities, and resources in order to determine problem areas and opportunities and to recommend a plan of action'.

Example: Self-reports are a key source of information in consumer research.

Example: The future of marketing research is being threatened by increased shortcomings in data quality.

» estudio de música = music studio .

Example: The building has two levels, the first being a café where people can sit and hang out with some finger food whereas the upper storey is a music studio.

» estudio de radio = radio studio ; broadcasting studio .

Example: The author discusses some special services including, film laboratories, recording studios, and radio and television studios.

Example: Once this had been completed they moved into one of the broadcasting studios and recorded their new commercial.

» estudio de televisión = television studio ; broadcasting studio .

Example: The author discusses some special services including, film laboratories, recording studios, and radio and television studios.

Example: Once this had been completed they moved into one of the broadcasting studios and recorded their new commercial.

» estudio discográfico = record studio .

Example: The writer bemoans record studios' tendency to chop up and fiddle with opera performances.

» estudio fotográfico = photographic studio ; photo studio .

Example: Established 1864 in Derby, W.W.Winters is one of the longest serving photographic studios in the country.

Example: In this post, I will share how I built a photo studio for myself over three months using my savings.

» estudio multimedia = media production studio ; media production unit .

Example: The last day available for access to the media production studio is Monday 1st November.

Example: His vast technical and artistic skills helped shaped the direction of this leading media production unit in Australia.

» filmar en el estudio = film in + the studio .

Example: The actual crash down an embankment was filmed in the studio using scale models.

» grabar en el estudio = film in + the studio .

Example: The actual crash down an embankment was filmed in the studio using scale models.

» programa de estudios homologado = accredited programme [En los Estados Unidos, programa de estudios de una escuela o facultad de bibliteconomía/bibliotecología que ha sido reconocido como válido para la profesión por la ALA] .

Example: A study of the core requirements in accredited programmes in the USA shows that only cataloguing and reference work are required in more than half the library schools.

» rodar en el estudio = film in + the studio .

Example: The actual crash down an embankment was filmed in the studio using scale models.

estudio² = review ; scholarship ; study [studies, -pl.] ; work ; calibration ; surveying ; analysis [analyses, -pl.]. 

Example: The review is supported by a complete list of LIPs completed or in progess at Aug 88, followed by references to their reports.Example: The most important of the functions of librarians is the collection, preservation and affording access to the materials of scholarship.Example: A study of the major general schemes reveals a wide gulf between theory, as outlined in the previous chapter, and practice, as reflected in the major schemes.Example: The Classification Research Group (CRG) has been a major force in the development of classification theory, and has made a major contribution towards work on a new general classification scheme.Example: This requires careful calibration of reader response and the use of as many quantitative indices as possible.Example: The author describes one effort made to counter this trend, through the surveying of the records of a library and the identification of materials to be preserved.Example: The operation of investigating a whole with the aim of finding out its essential parts and their relationship to each other is known as analysis.

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» abandonar los estudios = drop out (of/from school) ; drop out of/from + school .

Example: Ethnic minorities, foreign students and males dropped out in larger proportions than other kinds of students.

Example: According to this new law, students under the age of 18 who drop out of school will lose their driving permits = Según esta nueva ley, los estudiantes menores de 18 años que abandonen los estudios perderán sus permisos de conducir.

» ámbito de estudio = scope .

Example: Subject field definition arises from the scope of the information service or system that the indexing language is expected to serve.

» área de estudio = study area ; study area [En una biblioteca de libre acceso, sección o secciones dotada de mesas, sillas, sillones, etc. para la lectura y el estudio] .

Example: Oil pollution has been a special study area since 1967.

Example: All these issues were successfully addressed by rearranging study, reference, and stack areas and enclosing a small office to create a more vibrant, reference oriented library environment.

» asignatura de estudios = curriculum subject .

Example: Students also expressed low interest in the core curriculum subjects which are taught in the first year of the course.

» beca de estudio(s) = study grant ; education grant .

Example: IFLA study grant and travel grant to study library legislation in three European countries was a tremendous help.

Example: Education grants are the single most important option for funding a college education if your parents cannot afford to pay the total bill.

» bolsa de estudios = bursary  .

Example: This article describes a 12 week study tour of the UK undertaken with the help of a bursary from the EU by a lecturer in library studies from Papua New Guinea.

» campo de estudio = field of study .

Example: For example, in an academic library, guides to literature searching in the various fields of study undertaken by the students in that institution are an effective means of explaining the use of various information retrieval tools.

» centro de apoyo a los programas de estudios = curriculum material centre .

Example: The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between the nature of curriculum material centres in academic libraries and relation to the type of university in which they centres are located.

» centro de estudios = study centre .

Example: Nowadays on college campuses libraries are study centers: students who could study solo at home or elsewhere, instead meet one another to study together 'at the library' -- often just using their classnotes, in fact, and not library resources.

» comisionar un estudio = commission + study .

Example: As part of the process of tackling such technical barriers to trade, the Commission may organize conferences and seminars and commission studies in order to examine the scientific and technical aspects.

» compañero de estudios = co-student .

Example: He was a precocious seventh grader who had demonstrated an IQ of 145, thus placing him intellectually far ahead of his co-students.

» con estudios = schooled ; educated ; educated .

Example: The new federal constitution of the country initiated the development of the underdeveloped regions and due to this fact a lot of schooled professionals of all kinds were needed.

Example: This impressive work, which serves educated adults and serious students, intends to be a comprehensive, authoritative compendium of the world's most important knowledge and information.

Example: This impressive work, which serves educated adults and serious students, intends to be a comprehensive, authoritative compendium of the world's most important knowledge and information.

» con estudios superiores = highly educated .

Example: The typical web user has been a rich, highly educated, English-speaking white man.

» con un nivel de estudios alto = well educated [well-educated] .

Example: This class is conservative in politics, aristocratic in social affairs, and characteristically well-bred, well-educated, well-housed, and well-heeled.

» cuarto de estudio = study room .

Example: At that time there were large numbers of intellectual families in the south of the province, most of whom set up study rooms for their children.

» dejar los estudios = drop out (of/from school) ; drop out of/from + school .

Example: Ethnic minorities, foreign students and males dropped out in larger proportions than other kinds of students.

Example: According to this new law, students under the age of 18 who drop out of school will lose their driving permits = Según esta nueva ley, los estudiantes menores de 18 años que abandonen los estudios perderán sus permisos de conducir.

» desarrollo del plan de estudios = curriculum development .

Example: Recent developments in education: including community education; localisation; and curriculum development, are reported.

» disciplina de estudio = field of study .

Example: For example, in an academic library, guides to literature searching in the various fields of study undertaken by the students in that institution are an effective means of explaining the use of various information retrieval tools.

» diseñado para el estudio = curriculum-oriented .

Example: The 26-volume Compton's Encyclopedia is a curriculum-oriented encyclopedia that generally serves the needs of the whole family and specifically those of students from the ages of 9 to 18.

» diseño de planes de estudios = curriculum design .

Example: The 3 steps of curriculum design are planning, implementation and evaluation.

» edad de finalización de los estudios = terminal education age .

Example: Increasing the average terminal education age is the best way to increase public library use.

» encargar un estudio = commission + study .

Example: As part of the process of tackling such technical barriers to trade, the Commission may organize conferences and seminars and commission studies in order to examine the scientific and technical aspects.

» en el estudio = at study .

Example: The author discusses a new book of which he is editor about the response of children to the information revolution at school, in the home, at study and at play.

» enseñanza a través del estudio de casos = case-teaching .

Example: As another case-teaching veteran, Andrew R. Towl, advises, they should remember that 'the ordering of cases is a pedagogical sequence, not necessarily the same as the logical exposition of the subject'.

» espacio reservado para el estudio = study space .

Example: Books further into the library may be those judged suitable for detailed study within the library building, and may be stored adjacent to study space.

» estudiante de bachiller que abandona los estudios = high-school dropout .

Example: It is fair to assume that the average Joe/Jane is neither a college graduate nor a high-school dropout.

» estudiante que ha completado los estudios secundarios = high school graduate ; high school leaver .

Example: Those alternatives call for the tapping of new pools of potential students: high school graduates who are nonattenders; college dropouts; transfer students from two-year colleges; adults.

Example: CAAT is designed to train high school leavers in varying occupations (bakers, plumbers, journalists, library technicians).

» estudiante universitario que abandona los estudios = college dropout .

Example: Those alternatives call for the tapping of new pools of potential students: high school graduates who are nonattenders; college dropouts; transfer students from two-year colleges; adults.

» estudio académico = academic study .

Example: Cyberculture is emerging as an interdisciplinary subject of academic study.

» estudio basado en un cuestionario = questionnaire survey .

Example: This article describes results of a questionnaire survey to gauge users' reactions and to examine the suitability of continuing the system on a permanent basis.

» estudio bibliométrico = bibliometric analysis .

Example: Bibliometric analyses confirmed that review articles on topics that are generating high levels of research activity tend to have relatively voluminous bibliographies made up of a disproportionate number of citations to source materials of very recent vintage.

» estudio cartográfico = ordnance survey .

Example: The principal sources are ordnance surveys, geological surveys, aerial photography, satellite imagery, and agricultural and forestry land use data.

» estudio cinematográfico = film location ; film studio ; movie studio .

Example: Alternative uses for farmland include conversion to golf courses, dry ski slopes, hotels, film locations, animal sanctuaries, and campsites.

Example: Currently, film studios, amusement parks, theme parks and water parks are all being studied by investors and developers.

Example: Despite strict morality contracts, many movie studios in the 1930s through the 60s fed their young actors and actresses drugs to keep them peppy.

» estudio clásico = classic study .

Example: This is a classic study, important because, for the first time, procedures were established and conclusions drawn about obsolescence rates for general classes of books.

» estudio comparativo = correlation study .

Example: Each dive is characterised by 52 parameters selected for future computer correlation studies.

» estudio crítico del estado de la cuestión = review [Análisis crítico de los últimos avances sobre un tema] .

Example: A review, as opposed to a survey, should be a critical, liberally, documented assessment of work in a particular field, and is usually supported by an extensive bibliography.

» estudio cualitativo = qualitative study .

Example: This is a qualitative study of the impact that Internet distributed e-conferences have begun to have on the information seeking behaviour of library and information science professionals.

» estudio cuantitativo = quantitative study .

Example: A quantitative study was undertaken to find out how students and staff made use of CD-ROM databases to locate information.

» estudio de alcance = scoping study .

Example: It is expected that the scoping study will define a service to facilitate effective access to the UK scholarly resource.

» estudio de arquitectos = architecture firm ; architectural firm .

Example: The purpose of the system is to assist architecture firms under contract with the Army Corps Engineers in locating regulations or guidelines on the planning, design or construction of army facilities.

Example: This is an interview with Hugh Hard of Hardy Holmzan Pfeiffer Associates, an architectural firm specializing in library design and renovation.

» estudio de caso = case study [Enseñanza o aprendizaje de un tema a través del estudio de casos prácticos o reales] .

Example: It is now time to turn to a case study, and this section is devoted to one indexing system in rather more depth.

» estudio de impacto = impact study .

Example: This impact study is related to earlier library user studies.

» estudio de impacto en el medio ambiente = environmental impact study .

Example: Geographic information systems have been used for a variety of purposes, including land use inventories and environmental impact studies.

» estudio de la productividad = time-and-motion study [Análisis del trabajo para mejorar la productividad] ; time study ; motion study .

Example: Vanderbilt University Library, Tennessee, carried out a time and motion study to determine whether it is more or less cost-effective to purchase direct from the publisher via a vendor (wholesaler or agent).

Example: This article presents a description of the methods used and the data collected from a time study of digitising photographs.

Example: For instance, the first record of motion studies even predates Cicero.

» estudio del estado de la cuestión = survey .

Example: Indicative abstracts abound in phrases such as 'is discussed' or 'has been surveyed', but do not record the outcome of the discussion or survey.

» estudio de los himnos = hymnology .

Example: This article evaluates the contribution to hymnology made by a number of recently published works = Este artículo evalúa la contribución hecha por una serie de obras de reciente publicación al estudio de los himnos.

» estudio Delphi = Delphi study [Técnica utilizada para pronosticar cuál será el desarrollo de algo mediante la utilización de expertos en la materia cada uno de los cuales define sus predicciones por separado y luego se hace una predicción común que se va refinando poco a poco hasta que todos los expertos están de acuerdo] .

Example: The Finnish Council for Scientific Information and Research Libraries funded a Delphi study on the extent of use of information technology in the years 1996 and 2010.

» estudio de mercado = market survey ; market research ; marketing audit [Análisis períodico y sistemático de los recursos, actividades, estrategias, objetivos y entorno de una biblioteca para identificar problemas y oportunidades y recomendar un plan de actuación] ; consumer research ; marketing research .

Example: The planning stage included a market survey of library furniture manufacturers.

Example: New market research in developing countries requires deep knowledge of the society.

Example: Kotler defines the marketing audit as a 'comprehensive, systematic, independent, and periodic examination of the library's total environment, objectives, strategies, activities, and resources in order to determine problem areas and opportunities and to recommend a plan of action'.

Example: Self-reports are a key source of information in consumer research.

Example: The future of marketing research is being threatened by increased shortcomings in data quality.

» estudio de radio = radio studio ; broadcasting studio .

Example: The author discusses some special services including, film laboratories, recording studios, and radio and television studios.

Example: Once this had been completed they moved into one of the broadcasting studios and recorded their new commercial.

» estudio de seguimiento = follow-up study .

Example: In this follow-up study four years later, volumes were checked to determine how the original results may have changed.

» estudio de televisión = television studio ; broadcasting studio .

Example: The author discusses some special services including, film laboratories, recording studios, and radio and television studios.

Example: Once this had been completed they moved into one of the broadcasting studios and recorded their new commercial.

» estudio de usabilidad = usability study .

Example: Indeed, most usability studies have focused on the needs of younger adults, to the neglect of the elderly.

» estudio de uso = use study .

Example: Use studies are examined to discover what types of materials are most frequently used and what kind of information is most desired by business users.

» estudio de usuario = reader survey ; consumer survey ; customer survey .

Example: This article describes a method of readers survey, based on testing their understanding of words and concepts.

Example: Libraries should consider carefully before re-inventing the wheel with further customer surveys.

Example: The project will undertake a customer survey to establish market need.

» estudio de usuarios = user study ; marketing audit [Análisis períodico y sistemático de los recursos, actividades, estrategias, objetivos y entorno de una biblioteca para identificar problemas y oportunidades y recomendar un plan de actuación] ; user survey .

Example: This statistical methods course emphasizes the 'people' aspect of library use so that relevant data for collection development policy would be gathered primarily from user studies, questionnaires, and community analysis and surveys.

Example: Kotler defines the marketing audit as a 'comprehensive, systematic, independent, and periodic examination of the library's total environment, objectives, strategies, activities, and resources in order to determine problem areas and opportunities and to recommend a plan of action'.

Example: One of the factors to be identified by a user survey is the sufficiency of existing resources and efficiency of services.

» estudio de usuarios de la biblioteca = library user study .

Example: This impact study is related to earlier library user studies.

» estudio de viabilidad = demonstration project [Trabajo que prueba la viabilidad de algo] ; feasibility study [Estudio hecho para determinar la viabilidad de un proyecto] .

Example: Support for a project or feasibility study takes the form of a contribution of up to 49% of the eligible costs of the project, half of which are repayable in the case of demonstration projects.

Example: Support for a project or feasibility study takes the form of a contribution of up to 49% of the eligible costs of the project.

» estudio epidemiológico = epidemiological study .

Example: The author presents the results of an an epidemiological study examining 127 victims of a flash fire in a ballroom.

» estudio geológico = geological survey .

Example: The principal sources are ordnance surveys, geological surveys, aerial photography, satellite imagery, and agricultural and forestry land use data.

» estudio local = area study .

Example: An area study is the study of the whole of librarianship in one geographical area, eg libraries in France.

» estudio longitudinal = longitudinal study .

Example: The longitudinal study has followed most of the 71 students through their university careers, using methods which include the completion of diaries, interviews and observation.

» estudio piloto = pilot study ; pilot test .

Example: Another aspect of cooperative effort is COMARC (Cooperative MARC), a pilot study being conducted with a grant from the CLR to expand the LC/MARC services to the nation's libraries.

Example: Pilot tests with 21 teenagers and with 24 older respondents suggest that the technology poses little difficulty for most respondents.

» estudio por simulación = simulation study .

Example: A simulation study has been performed to verify the model.

» estudio regional = area study .

Example: An area study is the study of the whole of librarianship in one geographical area, eg libraries in France.

» estudios = academic background ; course of study ; educational career .

Example: He is thus in danger of losing touch with its traditional constituency (upward-mobile students) whose academic and socioeconomic backgrounds would have previously indicated nearly automatic attendance.

Example: The notion that a course of study, whether academic or vocational/technical, prepares a person for a lifetime career is outdated and dangerous.

Example: Adults who have chosen to interrupt their educational careers often face the problem of rusty academic skills.

» estudios africanos = African studies .

Example: The contents of the collection are described suggesting that they will be of interest and value to social, economic and urban historians, demographers, and other researchers in African studies.

» estudios afroamericanos = black studies [Nombre usado para referirse a la disciplina que trata de cualquier tema que tenga que ver con las personas de raza negra en los Estados Unidos] .

Example: The bookshop also has sections on feminism, black studies, third world countries and many more topics.

» estudios culturales = cultural studies .

Example: Cultural study, especially for the museologist, must be interdisciplinary and cross class lines = Los estudios socioculturales, especialmente para el museólogo, deben ser interdisciplinares y cruzar las líneas divisorias que separan las clases sociales.

» estudios de administración = management studies .

Example: Business schools and management studies are now the main arenas for social science research.

» estudios de auxiliar administrativo = information administration .

Example: It should be noted that 'information administration' for example, is increasingly the descriptor for programmes more accurately described as 'secretarial studies'.

» estudios de gestión = management science .

Example: Librarians can improve library service, operations and fiscal control through the application of computer technology and management science to library procedures.

» estudios de la mujer = women's studies ; gender studies .

Example: About 80 publishers were interviewed for this survey, and the subject area has expanded to overlap with diet, fitness, psychology, religion, ethnology and women's studies.

Example: There is a need for further qualitative research in the area of gender studies in librarianship.

» estudios de la paz y los conflictos = peace and conflict studies .

Example: This yearbook will provide teachers and researchers interested in peace and conflict studies with practical information.

» estudios de licenciatura = graduate work ; graduate education .

Example: He has a bachelor's degree from Harvard College, and has done graduate work at Harvard and Columbia universities which included studies in library service.

Example: Gilman (1831-1908) is best remembered as the first president of Johns Hopkins University and vigorous advocate of graduate education.

» estudios de literatura clásica = classical studies .

Example: Though the essays cluster separately about the themes of religion, science, and classical studies, the author adopts a broadly interdisciplinary approach, leaving the boundaries between topics appealingly open.

» estudios del medio ambiente = environmental studies .

Example: This development saw the introduction of other umbrella courses such as environmental studies.

» estudios de secretariado = secretarial studies .

Example: It should be noted that 'information administration' for example, is increasingly the descriptor for programmes more accurately described as 'secretarial studies'.

» estudios de tipografía = typographical studies .

Example: Papaleography is rarely associated now with typographical studies, whereas they were once indivisible.

» estudios empresariales = business studies .

Example: There are more users in the Science and Engineering faculties than in the Arts or Business Studies.

» estudios en el extranjero = study abroad .

Example: 143 first professors in American medical schools before the Civil War were selected, and records of their academic origins, places of birth, and study abroad were collected from various biographical sources.

» estudios europeos = European studies .

Example: During the early 1970s European studies became a fashionable growth area boosted by the trend towards inter-disciplinarity in taught courses.

» estudios feministas = feminist studies .

Example: Though there are approximately 400 women's libraries internationally they are not generally the focus of research within either library studies or feminist studies.

» estudio sicométrico = psychometric study .

Example: An earlier psychometric study of a mine revealed that pitmen have by far the highest incidence of psychological complaints, & that their complaints are related to conflicts at work.

» estudios jurídicos = legal studies .

Example: Legal studies is the study of the philosophy, theory, and ethics surrounding law and law practice.

» estudios literarios = literary studies .

Example: Linguistics and literary studies, like most of the other liberal arts, have undergone considerable changes since the 1960s.

» estudios relacionados con las misiones religiosas = missiology .

Example: The library consists of approximately 2,500 books and pamphlets covering theology, church history, evangelism, missiology, and Christianity.

» estudios religiosos = religious studies .

Example: They publishe a wide range of academic books in theology and religious studies.

» estudios sobre la mujer = women's studies ; gender studies .

Example: About 80 publishers were interviewed for this survey, and the subject area has expanded to overlap with diet, fitness, psychology, religion, ethnology and women's studies.

Example: There is a need for further qualitative research in the area of gender studies in librarianship.

» estudios sobre paz y conflictos = peace and conflict studies .

Example: This yearbook will provide teachers and researchers interested in peace and conflict studies with practical information.

» estudios sociales = cultural studies .

Example: Cultural study, especially for the museologist, must be interdisciplinary and cross class lines = Los estudios socioculturales, especialmente para el museólogo, deben ser interdisciplinares y cruzar las líneas divisorias que separan las clases sociales.

» estudios socioculturales = cultural studies .

Example: Cultural study, especially for the museologist, must be interdisciplinary and cross class lines = Los estudios socioculturales, especialmente para el museólogo, deben ser interdisciplinares y cruzar las líneas divisorias que separan las clases sociales.

» estudio topográfico = surveying .

Example: The main criteria is that the collection should represent as complete a record as possible of the surveying of the land surface, coastline and adjacent seas of the nation.

» estudio universitario = academic study .

Example: Cyberculture is emerging as an interdisciplinary subject of academic study.

» finalización de los estudios = graduation .

Example: However, in particular for cum laudes, productivity and impact decreased sharply in years after graduation.

» finalizar los estudios de BUP = complete + high school .

Example: Chile was once her home, she grew up and completed high school there, and she knew first-hand some of the country's needs for advancing the field of librarianship.

» grupo de estudio = study circle .

Example: Library use can be promoted by good publicity, study circles and group discussion, and library lectures.

» habitación de estudio = private study ; study facilities .

Example: Scientific equipment for the examination of rare books, manuscripts, and documents include four items found in every library and private study -- micrometer calipers, view finders, dividers and rulers.

Example: University readers, who are usually living away from home, need study facilities to be available to them for long periods of the day and evening.

» institución para el estudio y la conservación del patrimonio cult = heritage organisation .

Example: The report is intended as a navigation tool for boards and directors of heritage organisations and research centres.

» jefe de estudios = deputy head .

Example: He was the deputy head of the delegation that negotiated the 1946 agreement with the Swiss Government.

» jefe de estudio